Person

Denise Schmandt-Besserat

Denise Schmandt-Besserat is an archaeologist whose research connected ancient Near Eastern clay tokens to counting, accounting and the emergence of writing.

Period
See contribution history
Known for
Clay-token research and the origins of writing
Historical contribution

What Schmandt-Besserat contributed

She assembled and interpreted large token corpora, arguing that shaped counters represented commodities and quantities before some of their forms were transferred into impressed and written signs.

Why it mattered

Her work made accounting objects central to debates about how administration, number and writing developed together.

Connected topics

Where this fits in ITEM

Evidence

Sources and further reading

  1. Tokens: Their Significance for the Origin of Counting and Writing

    Denise Schmandt-Besserat · University of Texas at Austin

    Open source ↗